动词的时态
简单语法:
动词的时态
时
态 基本用法 常与之连用的时间状语 例句
一般现在时态 习惯性或常发生的动作或存在的状态 in the morning / evening / afternoon,
every day / month/year / morning.
sometimes, often, always, usually, frequently, eldom, ever, never, once,in a while, from time to time, today, these days, this week / month / year, now, etc He reads French every morning.
表能力，性格，特征等 Joan is a nice person.
普遍真理的表述 The moon turns round the earth.
剧本、图、文的解说 The scene changes back to the park.
按时刻表，计划决定好了的事 The train leaves at 8:00.
在“时间，条件，方式，让步状语从句”中表“将来”动作 I’ll call you as soon as I get the park.
You won’t be able to pass the exam unless you work hard.
一般过去时态 具体的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态 ...ago,just now,in 1976/1989,
yesterday
last Sunday / month / week / year, the day before yesterday, the other day,once, in those days / years,once upon a time, earlier, this month / week / year, then, sometimes, often, always, etc. Mary was here a moment ago.
过去常发生的动作或存在的状态，特征 He often went to Shanghai last year.
在“虚拟语气”中表“现在/将来”的情况 He talks as if he were my teacher.
在“委婉”用语中表“现在/将来”,常与“could/would”连用在“时间，条件，让步”等状语从句中表“过去将来” I hoped you could help me.
They planned to go out if it was fine the next day.
一般将来时态 shall(’ll)用于第一人称will(’ll)用于各人称，表示“将会”“意愿” tomorrow, in 2010, next morning / year / week / month / time, in turn, soon, before long, in the year, to come, from now on,one day, some day, from now on, sometime in the future, in a few hours / days, the day after tomorrow, this evening, this afternoon, etc. I shall do it tomorrow morning.
She’ll have to go there by herself.
“am/is/are going to+v.原”表“即将发生，打算做” It looks as if it’s going to rain.
“is/am/are doing”表“计划，安排” He’s leaving for Guangdong tomorrow.
“is/am/are about to+v.原”“表即将就要发生/做” She is about to go to school.
“is/am/are to+v.原” “表计划决定，要求，命令，传达命令指示等” You are to stay in the hotel.
Your boyfriend told you.
过去将来时态 “should+v.原/would+v.原”表过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态”。常用于从句或引语中 常用于状语从句、名词性从句或间接引语中。 She said she would vote for me.
She said she wouldn’t vote for me.
“were/was going to+v.原”表“过去即将发生或打算要做” She said it was going to rain soon.
“was/were+v.-ing”表“过去的计划，安排” I wondered when the plane was arriving.
“was/were about to+v.” 原表“过去即将，就要” I was about to go out when the phone rang.
“was/were to+v.原”表“过去的计划决定，要求命令等” He told us they were to hold a meeting the next day.
现在进行时态 说话时正进行的动作 now, at present, these days,
this morning / week / month, during this season, Look! Listen! etc.
always, constantly, frequently, all the time He is playing basketball now.
现阶段正进行的动作 I’m writing a book these days.
表“计划安排好的将来动作” She’s flying to Paris tomorrow.
表“反复经常”的动作，常与always等连用，有责备，高兴等较浓的感情色彩。 They are always talking in meeting.
He is constantly leaving things about.
在here/there引起的句子中可用“一般现在时”表进行。 Here comes the bus.
过去进行时态 过去某一时刻正进行的动作 this time yesterday, at that time, then,
all morning, at that moment, the whole
night, during…, when I came in, etc What were you doing at that moment?
过去某一阶段正进行的动作 Last year we were building the library.
在过去看来即将发生的动作 He wondered whether she was leaving.
现在完成时态 过去开始的动作/状态一直延续到现在 since+时间点/…ago/从句；for+时段；in the past/last five years
once, twice, three times, many times
before, ever, never so far,by now, lately, recently, just, already, yet I have lived here for six years.
在现在为止一个动作状态已多次发生 I’ve seen the film four times.
到现在为止时的一动作状态经历 I’ve never been to America.
过去完成的动作对现在还有影响 He has just come back.
